Grammar list

Grammar list

Browse grammar patterns, structures and meanings by JLPT level.

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Grammar PatternStructureMeaningLevel
~にくわえて(~に加えて)N + にくわえてin addition to ~, besides ~N3
~にこたえる名詞+にこたえるTo respond to, to meet expectations or requestsN3
~にさきだつ(~に先立つ)N + にさきだつprior to ~, before ~N3
~に際し(て)名詞+に際して/に際しOn the occasion of, at the time of, in the case ofN3
~にしろ/~にせよV/N + にしろ/にせよeven if ~, whether ~ or ~N3
~に相違ない名詞/普通形+に相違ないThere is no doubt that ~, it must be ~N3
~むきだ~N + 向きだsuitable, appropriate forN3
~も~なら~も~/~も~ば~も名詞/動詞普通形+も~なら+名詞/動詞普通形+も~Both… and…; There are… and there are also…N3
~やら~やら~名詞 + やら + 名詞 + やらUsed to list various things or events, often with a sense of overwhelm or mixed feelingsN3
~よりほかない動詞辞書形/名詞+よりほかないThere is no other way but to…; Have no choice but to…N3
~わけだ~文の終わりに置くことで、理由・原因を説明するUsed to explain a reason or cause; conveys the meaning of 'that’s why…' or 'so…'N3
~わけではない文の終わりに置いて、主に否定の意味を表すIt doesn't mean that…; It's not necessarily…; It's not the case that…N3
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