Grammar list
Grammar list
Browse grammar patterns, structures and meanings by JLPT level.
| Grammar Pattern | Structure | Meaning | Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| ~によると | 名詞 + によると | according to | N3 |
| ~ても~ | Vて + も / Aい → くても / Aな・N + でも | even if; even though | N3 |
| ~まい~ | Vる/ Vない + まい / まいか / Vます + まい | Indicates negative intention or conjecture; 'will not', 'probably not' | N3 |
| ~にちがいない | 普通形 + にちがいない | must be, certainly | N3 |
| ~どうやら~ | どうやら+らしい/ようだ | Apparently, it seems that, finally | N3 |
| ~わざわざ~ | わざわざ + V | With effort, deliberately; indicates taking the trouble to do something | N3 |
| ~こそ | 名詞 + こそ | precisely, exactly, indeed (emphasis) | N3 |
| ~ばかり | V/A/N + ばかり | Only ~, nothing but ~; indicates repetition or focus on one thing | N3 |
| どうしても~ | どうしても + 文 | no matter what, by all means | N3 |
| ~Nをはじめ(Nを初め~) | N + をはじめ | Starting with ~N, first and foremost ~N | N3 |
| ~せえ~ | 名詞+でさえ/すら | Even, to the extent of ~ | N3 |
| ~さらに~ | さらに+名詞/動詞/形容詞 | Moreover, further, in addition | N3 |
| ~ほど~ | A + ほど + B | To the extent ~, so ~; indicates that as A increases, B also increases | N3 |
| ~ために | 名詞 + の + ために / 動詞辞書形 + ために | for, for the sake of, in order to | N3 |
| ~のような~ | N + のような + N | Like ~, similar to ~ | N3 |
| ~において | 名詞 + において | in, at, within (context or scope) | N3 |
| ~たものだ~ | Vた + ものだ | Used to recall past habits or memories; 'used to…' | N3 |
| どうしても~ | どうしても + 文 | no matter what, by all means | N3 |
| ~らしい~ | V/A/N + らしい | Seems like ~, apparently ~, heard that ~ | N3 |
| ~ないうちに~ | Vない + うちに | before; while not yet; before something changes | N3 |
| ~いったい~(~一体) | ~いったい + câu hỏi | Used to emphasize a question; 'on earth', 'in the world' | N3 |
| ~ふり~(~振り) | 動詞/い形容詞/な形容詞+ふりをする | ~furi: pretending, feigning, or imitating | N3 |
| ~てはじめて(~て初めて) | 動詞て形+はじめて | ~ te hajimete: only after ~, then … | N3 |
| ~おかげで~ | 原因・理由 + ~おかげで + 結果・状態 | Thanks to ~ | N3 |
| ~てき(~的) | 名詞+的/な形容詞+的 | ~teki: having the nature or characteristic of ~ | N3 |
| むしろ~ | ~, むしろ + 文 / XよりもむしろY | Rather, on the contrary | N3 |
| ~すでに~ | すでに + 動詞 | Already ~ | N3 |
| ~さえ~ば~ | 名詞+さえ+動詞ば形 | ~sae ~ba: as long as ~, it is enough | N3 |
| ~になれる | N/A(な/名詞) + になれる | Can become ~ | N3 |
| ~によって~ | 名詞+によって | ~ ni yotte: indicates cause, agent, or method | N3 |
| ~なかなか~ | なかなか + Vない / なかなか + V | not easily; not readily; (with affirmative) quite, very | N3 |
| ~まま~ | 動詞/形容詞/名詞+の/まま+動詞 | ~mama: to remain in the same state, without change | N3 |
| ~ず~ | Vない + ず(する → せず) | without doing; not doing | N3 |
| とても~ない | とても+動詞可能形/自動詞+ない | Totemo ~ nai: absolutely cannot ~ | N3 |
| ~ようにする | Vる / Vない + ようにする | make an effort to; try to; ensure that | N3 |
| ~としたら~ | 動詞/い形容詞/な形容詞/名詞+としたら | ~to shitara: assuming, supposing | N3 |
| ~ても~ | Vて + も / Aい → くても / Aな・N + でも | even if; even though | N3 |
| ~ば~ほど~ | 動詞ば形/名詞なら+動詞ほど | ~ba ~hodo: the more …, the more … | N3 |
| ~ないうちに~ | Vない + うちに | before; while not yet; before something changes | N3 |
| ~まさか~ | まさか+文+(ないだろう/まい/はずがない/わけがない) | ~masaka: certainly not, expressing disbelief or denial | N3 |
| ~において | 名詞 + において | in, at, within (context or scope) | N3 |
| ~ようになる~ | 動詞(辞書形/可能形)+ようになる | ~ you ni naru: to become ~, to reach a state | N3 |
| ~こそ | 名詞 + こそ | precisely, exactly, indeed (emphasis) | N3 |
| ~つい~ | 動詞て形+つい+動詞 | ~tsui: unintentionally doing something, often against one’s intention | N3 |
| ~は~で有名 | 名詞+は+名詞+で有名です | ~ wa ~ de yuumei: famous for ~ | N3 |
| ~たばかり~ | Vた + ばかり | Just ~: indicates an action that has recently finished | N3 |
| ~ことになる~ | Vる/ Vない + ことになる | Be decided to ~, be arranged, turn out to ~ | N3 |
| ~ないで~ | Vない + でください / Vない + で | Please do not ~; used for commands or requests | N3 |
| ~は ~ くらいです | N + は + N/時間/数量 + くらいです | Approximately ~, to the extent of ~; indicates degree or amount | N3 |
| はじめる~ | 動詞ます形+始める | To begin, to start | N3 |