Grammar list
Grammar list
Browse grammar patterns, structures and meanings by JLPT level.
| Grammar Pattern | Structure | Meaning | Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| ~はさておき | 名詞 + はさておき | Setting aside temporarily; putting aside for now | N1 |
| ~ばそれまでだ | V-ば + それまでだ / N + であれば + それまでだ | If… happens, everything becomes meaningless; that’s all there is to it. | N1 |
| ~はどう(で)あれ | N + はどうであれ / ~はどうあれ | No matter what, regardless of | N1 |
| ~はめになる | 動詞辞書形/た形 + はめになる | To end up in an undesirable situation due to unexpected circumstances or causes | N1 |
| ~ひょうしに(~拍子に) | 動詞辞書形/た形 + 拍子に | Just as ~ happened, another unexpected event occurs | N1 |
| ~ぶんには(~分には) | V-る/V-ない/Aい/Aな/N + 分には | Within a certain scope or condition, it’s fine; it poses no problem. | N1 |
| ~べからず | 動詞辞書形 + べからず / 名詞 + べからざる + 名詞 | Must not, prohibited, not allowed | N1 |
| ~べくもない | 動詞辞書形 + べくもない | Indicates that something is impossible or cannot be done. Somewhat archaic and formal expression. | N1 |
| ~までもない | 動詞辞書形/する + までもない | Indicates that an action or judgment is unnecessary | N1 |
| ~むきがある | V-る/N + 向きがある | Indicates a tendency, habit, or characteristic. | N1 |
| ~もさることながら | 名詞/句 + もさることながら + 名詞/句 | Not only A, but B as well; A goes without saying, and B too | N1 |
| ~もそこそこに | 名詞 + もそこそこに / 動詞連用形 + もそこそこに | Indicates doing something hastily or superficially due to lack of time. | N1 |
| ~も同然だ | 名詞/動詞辞書形 + も同然だ | Indicates a state that is nearly the same as reality, though not literally true | N1 |
| ~もなにも | 文節 + もなにも | Used to strongly emphasize a matter and all things of the same kind; often for denial or exaggeration. | N1 |
| ~ものやら | 動詞普通形 + ものやら / い形容詞 + ものやら / な形容詞 + なものやら | I wonder; I don’t know; can’t tell | N1 |
| ~もようだ(~模様だ) | 動詞普通形 + もようだ / い形容詞 + もようだ / な形容詞 + なもようだ / 名詞 + のもようだ | Indicates conjecture or likelihood about a situation or state; similar to 'seems' or 'appears'. Often used in reporting information. | N1 |
| ~や否や | 動詞辞書形 + や否や | Indicates that immediately after an action or event occurs, another action or event follows right away | N1 |
| ~ゆえに | Nのゆえに / 普通形がゆえに / のはNゆえである | Indicates the reason or cause for something; because of, due to. | N1 |
| ~ようによっては | 動詞ます形 + ようによっては / 名詞 + の + ようによっては | Depending on the method or perspective; results may vary based on how something is done or considered | N1 |
| ~をおいて~ない | 名詞 + をおいて + ない / 何をおいても + 動詞 | Indicates that there is no one or nothing else that can do or fit a certain action. The phrase '何をおいても' means to do something regardless of any situation, as a top priority. | N1 |
| ~を限りに | N + を限りに | Indicates that a certain point in time is the last, and after that, a different state or situation begins | N1 |
| ~を禁じえない | 感情を表す名詞 + を禁じえない | Indicates an inability to suppress emotions; cannot help feeling… | N1 |
| ~をふまえて(~を踏まえて) | 名詞 + をふまえて | Based on; taking into account a fact or situation when making the next action or decision | N1 |
| ~をもって | 名詞 + をもって | Indicates a point in time or a means/method. For time, it means 'as of N' or 'ending at N'. For means/method, it means 'by N' or 'through N' to achieve something. | N1 |
| ~をものともせず | N + をものともせずに + V | Indicates acting bravely or boldly without being afraid, despite facing difficulties or dangers | N1 |
| ~んばかりだ/に/の | 名詞・動詞連用形 + んばかりだ/に/の | Expresses a state that appears or seems as if something is about to happen, though it is not actually the case. | N1 |