Grammar list
Grammar list
Browse grammar patterns, structures and meanings by JLPT level.
| Grammar Pattern | Structure | Meaning | Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| ~ながらも | Vますstem + ながらも / Aい + ながらも / Aな + ながらも | although; though; even though | N1 |
| ~ものを | Vば + ~ものを / Vたら + ~ものを | if only; it would have been different but | N1 |
| ~ではあるまいし | Nではあるまいし | Since it's not A, obviously B | N1 |
| ~ともなると | Nともなると | when it comes to, once it becomes | N1 |
| ~としたところで | Vる / Vた + としたところで | even if; even though; no matter | N1 |
| いかん | Nいかんで / Nいかんによって / Nいかんだ | depending on, according to | N1 |
| ~ずくめ | N + ずくめ | all; entirely; nothing but | N1 |
| ~というども | Nというども | although, even though, but | N1 |
| ~をよそに | N + をよそに | ignoring; regardless of | N1 |
| ~にもまして | Nにもまして | more than, even more, above all | N1 |
| ~なしに | N + なしに | without ~, if there is no ~ | N1 |
| ~はおろか | AはおろかBも/さえ/まで | not to mention; let alone; even | N1 |
| ~てもさしつかえない | Vても + さしつかえない | it is okay to, no problem even if | N1 |
| ~あっての | NあってのN | because of, thanks to, only with | N1 |
| ~がてら | N + がてら | while doing ~, on the occasion of ~, at the same time as ~ | N1 |
| ~いかに~ても | いかに + V / Adj + ても | no matter how; however | N1 |
| ~まじき | N + にあるまじき + N | should not; unbefitting | N1 |
| ~(の)いかんによらず | N(の)いかんによらず | regardless of, irrespective of, depending not on | N1 |
| ~にたる(~に足る) | Vるにたる / Vるに足る + N | worthy of, deserving of, enough to | N1 |
| ~だろうと | N + だろうと | whether ~ or ~, it makes no difference | N1 |
| ~にかこつけて | Nにかこつけて | using as an excuse, on the pretext of | N1 |
| ~がかりだ | N + がかりだ | tends to, in the manner or style of | N1 |
| ~がはやいか | V[dict] + がはやいか | as soon as, no sooner than, immediately upon | N1 |
| ~かれ~かれ | 形容詞/形容動詞の連用形 + かれ + 形容詞/形容動詞の連用形 + かれ | whether… or…, in any case | N1 |
| ~にかたくない | N + にかたくない | easy to; not hard to | N1 |
| ~くらいなら | AくらいならB | used to indicate that B is preferable to A, when A is undesirable | N1 |
| ~べく | Vる + べく | in order to ~, so as to ~ | N1 |
| ~ことこのうえない | 形容詞/動詞連用形 + ことこの上ない | extremely, exceedingly | N1 |
| ~をきんじえない(~を禁じ得ない) | Nを禁じ得ない | cannot help but, cannot suppress | N1 |
| ~じみた | N + じみた / Vます形 + じみた | has a tendency of, seems like, gives the impression of | N1 |
| ~をもって | Nをもって | by, with, as, at | N1 |
| ~ないではおかない | 動詞未然形 + ないではおかない | cannot help but…, must do… | N1 |
| ~きらいがある | Vる / N + の + きらいがある | tend to; have a tendency to | N1 |
| ~そばから | Vた + そばから | as soon as…; immediately after doing… | N1 |
| ~たところで | Vたところで | even if, it is useless to | N1 |
| ~だに | 名詞/動詞連用形 + だに | even, merely imagining… | N1 |
| ~をよぎなくされる(~を余儀なくされる) | Nを余儀なくされる | be forced to, have no choice but to | N1 |
| ~たらんとする | N + たらんとする / Vます形 + たらんとする | aiming to become or to be worthy of a certain state or role | N1 |
| ~かたわら~ | Nのかたわら / Vるかたわら | while also, at the same time, besides | N1 |
| ~つ~つ | 動詞連用形 + つ + 動詞連用形 + つ | alternately doing…, both… and… | N1 |
| ~わりに(は) | N + の / Vる / Aい / Aな + な + わりに(は) | for; despite; compared to expectation | N1 |
| ~であれ~であれ | N + であれ + N + であれ | whether… or…; regardless of…; either way… | N1 |
| ~にたえない | Vる + にたえない | cannot bear to; unbearable to | N1 |
| ~だけまし | 普通形 + だけまし | at least, better than nothing | N1 |
| ~めく | N + めく | seems like, becomes like | N1 |
| ~とおもいきゃ~(~と思いきゃ) | 普通形 + と思いきゃ | just when I thought but actually | N1 |
| ~ごとき/~ごとく | N + ごとき / N + の + ごとく | like such as as if of that level | N1 |
| ~なくしては~ない | N + なくしては + ~ない | cannot without | N1 |
| ~とあいまって(~と相まって) | N + と相まって | combine together to produce result | N1 |
| ~ぱなし | Vます形 (bỏ ます) + っぱなし | leave as is, keep in a state | N1 |