Grammar list
Grammar list
Browse grammar patterns, structures and meanings by JLPT level.
| Grammar Pattern | Structure | Meaning | Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| ~に(は)あたらない | V辞書形 + にあたらない | not necessary to | N1 |
| ~てやまない | Vて形 + やまない | strong feeling that continues | N1 |
| ~であれ | N + であれ N + であれ | whether even if be | N1 |
| ~たる | N + たる + N | as being in role | N1 |
| ~とはいえ | 普通形 + とはいえ | although even though | N1 |
| ~とあって | 普通形 + とあって | because of special circumstance | N1 |
| ~たりとも | 数量表現 + たりとも | even a single even the slightest | N1 |
| ~がさいご(~が最後) | 普通形 + が最後 | once that happens inevitably | N1 |
| ~だけまし | 普通形 + だけまし | at least, better than nothing | N1 |
| ~とあれば | N / 普通形 + とあれば | if it is that, then of course | N1 |
| ~ないまでも | Vない + までも / N + とまでは言わないまでも | even if not, at least | N1 |
| ~ようが | V意向形 + ようが | no matter what, regardless of | N1 |
| ~ならでは | N + ならでは | only possible with, unique to | N1 |
| ~きわまる/~きわまりない | イ形容詞語幹 / ナ形容詞語幹 + きわまる/きわまりない | extremely, utterly | N1 |
| ~をかわきりに(~を皮切りに) | N + をかわきりに | starting with, beginning with | N1 |
| ~べからず | V辞書形 + べからず | must not, do not | N1 |
| ~かたがた | N + かたがた | while doing, also on the occasion of | N1 |
| ~しまつだ | Vた + しまつだ | end up, result in a bad outcome | N1 |
| ただ~のみ | ただ + N / 文 + のみ | only, nothing but | N1 |
| ~かいもなく/~がいもなく | Vた + かいもなく/N + の + かいもなく | despite effort, without result | N1 |
| ~ところを | Vている / Nの + ところを | at the time when, while | N1 |
| ~にそくして | Nにそくして / Nに即した + N | in accordance with, in line with | N1 |
| ~なり~ | Vるなり | as soon as, immediately after | N1 |
| ~ものを | Vば + ~ものを / Vたら + ~ものを | if only; it would have been different but | N1 |
| ~ともなると | Nともなると | when it comes to, once it becomes | N1 |
| ~をよそに | N + をよそに | ignoring; regardless of | N1 |
| いかん | Nいかんで / Nいかんによって / Nいかんだ | depending on, according to | N1 |
| ~なしに | N + なしに | without ~, if there is no ~ | N1 |
| ~てもさしつかえない | Vても + さしつかえない | it is okay to, no problem even if | N1 |
| ~がてら | N + がてら | while doing ~, on the occasion of ~, at the same time as ~ | N1 |
| ~まじき | N + にあるまじき + N | should not; unbefitting | N1 |
| ~にたる(~に足る) | Vるにたる / Vるに足る + N | worthy of, deserving of, enough to | N1 |
| ~にかこつけて | Nにかこつけて | using as an excuse, on the pretext of | N1 |
| ~がはやいか | V[dict] + がはやいか | as soon as, no sooner than, immediately upon | N1 |
| ~にかたくない | N + にかたくない | easy to; not hard to | N1 |
| ~べく | Vる + べく | in order to ~, so as to ~ | N1 |
| ~をきんじえない(~を禁じ得ない) | Nを禁じ得ない | cannot help but, cannot suppress | N1 |
| ~をもって | Nをもって | by, with, as, at | N1 |
| ~きらいがある | Vる / N + の + きらいがある | tend to; have a tendency to | N1 |
| ~たところで | Vたところで | even if, it is useless to | N1 |
| ~をよぎなくされる(~を余儀なくされる) | Nを余儀なくされる | be forced to, have no choice but to | N1 |
| ~かたわら~ | Nのかたわら / Vるかたわら | while also, at the same time, besides | N1 |
| ~わりに(は) | N + の / Vる / Aい / Aな + な + わりに(は) | for; despite; compared to expectation | N1 |
| ~にたえない | Vる + にたえない | cannot bear to; unbearable to | N1 |
| ~まみれ | N + まみれ | covered with, smeared with, full of | N1 |
| ~めく | N + めく | seems like, becomes like | N1 |
| ~とおもいきゃ~(~と思いきゃ) | 普通形 + と思いきゃ | just when I thought but actually | N1 |
| ~ごとき/~ごとく | N + ごとき / N + の + ごとく | like such as as if of that level | N1 |
| ~なくしては~ない | N + なくしては + ~ない | cannot without | N1 |
| ~とあいまって(~と相まって) | N + と相まって | combine together to produce result | N1 |